André Oliveira Santos is a senior economist in the  Financial Regulation Division in the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department, where he focuses on the effects of new financial regulatory initiatives on the economy. He was also an economist in the Western Hemisphere division in the IMF Institute, where he lectured on macroeconomic and financial sector issues from 1999-2004. He holds a PhD degree in international economics from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Switzerland.